As mentioned, there are a few places where Tolkien brings up the topic of orcs and redemption. It is hard to see those statements about orcs being redeemable with what we "know" about them from books. As Turin says, we don't get an opportunity to see their society or culture outside being warm bodies to fill dark lords' armies.
As Tolkien writes in a letter about orc women though, believing that there has to be orc women, we just don't see any of them as this is a story set in war. If we believe there has to be orc women, then there has to be some sort of orc society with their own set of values. Perhaps twisted and evil values, but values that have a chance to progress into something better if given the chance to develop.
Tolkien also states that he doesn't believe in 'absolute evil' that even Sauron was capable of redemption for he still held some form of 'positive purposes.' Those 'positive' purposes were order and co-ordination.
Some things we do encounter with orcs is they understand parley:
'Get down or we will shoot you from the wall,' they cried. 'This is no parley. You have nothing to say.' The Two Towers: Helm's Deep
Although, those were Saruman's Uruk-hai and doubtful they were in anyway going to seriously parley. They do understand the idea and didn't just shoot down Aragorn on sight.
On the goblins in The Hobbit:
Now goblins are cruel, wicked, and bad-hearted. They make no beautiful things, but they do make many clever ones. They can tunnel and mine as well as any but the most skilled dwarves, when they take the trouble, though they are usually untidy and dirty. Hammers, axes, swords, daggers, pickaxes, tongs, and also instruments of torture, they make very well, or get other people to make to their design, prisoners and slaves that have to work till they die for want of air and light. It is not unlikely that they invented some of the machines that have since troubled the world, especially the ingenious devices for killing large numbers of people at once, for wheels and engines and explosions always delighted them, and also not working with their their own hands more than they could help; but in those days and those wild parts they had not advanced (as it is called) so far. They did not hate dwarves especially, no more than they hated everybody and everything, and particularly the orderly and prosperous; in some parts wicked dwarves had even made alliances with them... Over Hill and Under Hill
A couple things here. Clearly they don't exhibit what we would define as good values. Cruel, wicked, bad-hearted, like torture and explosions. It is interesting that these goblins in the Misty Mountains is said do not like "the orderly and prosperous" because one of Sauron's best values is Order. (Although, if I recall, it may be in The Lord of the Rings, but mentions that Sauron had to keep his orcs in a near perpetual state of war or the orcs would start fighting each other).
However here, Goblins have slaves and take prisoners, and make alliances with "wicked dwarves.' So, I think where Turin was going in his posts, is these are in no way "good orcs," but they do exhibit the slightest bit of having certain societal values. They don't kill indiscriminately. They'll capture priosoners and take slaves, and even make alliances with other races.
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